Quantum mechanics is a field of physics that describes the behaviour of matter and energy at the smallest scales, typically at the level of atoms and subatomic particles. Thus, it describes the behaviour and significance of small particles like atoms, electrons, and photons.
Quantum computing is a rapidly-emerging technology that harnesses the laws of quantum mechanics, such as entanglement and superposition, to perform computation or solve problems.
Quantum Superposition:
- Superposition is a phenomenon in quantum computing that allows quantum objects to simultaneously exist in more than one state or location. This means that an object can be in two states at one time while remaining a single object.
- Superposition enables the qubits of the quantum computer to perform multiple operations simultaneously, making them faster than conventional computers.
Quantum Entanglement:
- When two or more particles become entangled, the state of one particle becomes linked with the state of the other(s), regardless of the distance between them. Changes to the state of one particle instantaneously affect the state of the other.
- Quantum entanglement is a crucial element in quantum computing algorithms. Entangled qubits in a quantum computer can be manipulated collectively, allowing for the parallel processing of information in a way that classical bits cannot achieve.
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