Individual Satyagraha,1940-42

  • Proposals mentioned in August Offer disappointed Congress, Radicals and Leftists. Congress gave Gandhi the command for the next step that would be taken.
  • Gandhi insisted on Individual Satyagraha rather than a mass movement. Non-violence was set as a key measure and for this Satyagrahis were carefully selected. On 17 October 1940, Acharya Vinoba Bhave inaugurated the Satyagrah by delivering an anti-war speech at Paunar, a village near Wardha. He was personally selected by Gandhi for this.
  • First- Acharya Vinoba Bhave; Second- Jawahar Lal Nehru; Third- Brahma Dutt.
  • Only Congress members could offer Individual Satyagrah. Individual Satyagrah was most succesful in UP, where Congress Committees were asked to convert into Satyagrah Committees.
  • Aim of the Individual Satyagraha: To affirm the right of speech, and express peoples’ feelings of not being interested in war.
  • Demands made: Freedom of speech against the war through an anti-war declaration and if not arrested, they would move to villages and give slogans- Delhi Chalo, leading to ‘Delhi Chalo Movement’.
  • By 1941, thousands of people joined the movement.
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