V D Savarkar

  • Born in 1883 at Nashik in Maharashtra.
  • Founded Abhinav Bharat Society (initially as Mitra Mela, 1899) along with brother G D Damodar in 1904. It was a secret society which also had connections with London. 
  • He was involved with India House (founded by Shyamji Krishna Varma in London to promote nationalist ideas among youth).
  • Savarkar went to London in 1906. He soon founded the Free India Society, along with Madam Bhikaji Cama based on the thoughts of the Italian nationalist Giuseppe Mazzini 
  • Functioned as president of Hindu Mahasabha from 1937 to 1943.
  • He called against Quit India Movement.
  • Savarkar was convicted and sentenced to 50 years imprisonment also known as Kala Pani and transported in 1911 to the Cellular Jail in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Released in 1924.
  • He later joined Tilak’s Swaraj Party.
  • He advocated for the use of Hindi as a national language. He also fought against untouchability and caste-based discrimination.
  • Literary works
    • The History of the War of Indian Independence (on revolt of 1857)
    • Hindutva: Who is Hindu?’
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