Shah Jahan & Aurangzeb

Earlier known as Khurram.
The number of mansabdars doubled from the times of Akbar.
Area under cultivation and cash crop production increased during his reign.
Stopped the practices of Sijda and Paibos.
Bernier, Tavernier and Manucci visited during his reign.
Credited with architectural marvels like Taj Mahal made in white marble, Jama Masjid in Delhi built in red sandstone and Moti Masjid.
His reign saw a terrible war of succession between Aurangzeb and his brothers Dara and Shuja.

He assumed title of Alamgir. He used to issue secular decrees called Zawabits.
He adopted a harsh religious policy, put a ban on sati, destroyed Hindu temples and reimposed Jizya. He forbade music in the court practices like Nauroz, Tuladan, Jharokha Darshna and discontinued celebration of Holi and Diwali in Durbar.
Despite Aurangzeb being against music, largest number of books on classical Indian music in Persian were written during his time.
Executed 9^th Sikh Guru Teg Bahadur which led to Sikh revolt and their turning into a warring community.
Faced Jat & Satnami uprising. Marathas & Rajputs were opponents of his empire.
Constructed Moti Masjid & Rabia Durrani’s tomb.