- Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC) or Harappan civilisation is known for its splendid elements on urban civilisation and rise of organised cities in Indian continents. These cities and towns were located around a particular water body such as rivers or lakes or had linkages with oceans.
- IVC was Bronze Age civilization (The mature phase lasted from 2500-1900 BCE).
- Since IVC preceded Iron Age, the Harappans were unaware of the use of iron but used copper, bronze, silver, and gold.
- Along with ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, it was one of three early civilizations of the world.It is older than the Chalcolithic culture, which have been treated earlier, but it is far more developed than these cultures.
- It is called Harappa because this civilisation was discovered first in 1921 at the modern site of Harappa situated in the province of West Punjab of Pakistan.
- The civilisation extended from Jammu in the North to Daimabad (Maharashtra) in South and from the Sutkagendor (Makran coast of Baluchistan) in the West to Alamgirpur(Uttar Pradesh) in the North East.
