Important Personalities Associated With National Movement

Founder member of the Indian Association of Calcutta (1876), Indian National Conference (1883) and Indian National Congress (1885).
Presided over the Madras Session of INC (1898).

Nicknamed Aruna Ganguli, she married Asaf Ali, India’s first Ambassador to the USA.
She was imprisoned during the Civil Disobedience Movement (1930, 1932) and for participating in Individual Satyagraha (1940).
In 1942, she hoisted the Indian National Congress Flag tricolour at Mumbai’s Gowalia Tank Grounds.
Elected as the first Mayor of Delhi, in 1958.
Awarded International Lenin Prize in 1964.
Newspapers— Link and Patriot.

He was the first Barrister in Bombay.
Appointed to Bombay Bench in 1895 and 1902 and became the second Indian Chief Justice.
He advocated Tilak’s case on seditious writings in the latter’s journal, Kesari.
Founder member of Bombay Legislative Council (1882) and INC (1885).
Presided over the third INC Session in Madras.
Stressed upon modernization of Muslims and served as President of Bombay-based Anjuman-i-Islam.

A lawyer by profession, he defended Aurobindo in the Alipore Bomb Conspiracy case.
He was a member of the Congress Enquiry Committee set up to investigate Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
He founded the All-India Swaraj Party in 1923.
He was elected as the first Mayor of the Calcutta Co-operation in 1924.
Prepared Das Formula for Hindu-Muslim Co-operation.
He was nicknamed Deshbandhu Chittaranjan.
Wrote: Malancha (poems), Mala, Antaryami, Kishore-Kishoree and Sagar-Sangit.
Newspapers: Narayana (Bengali monthly) & Forward.

First to demand ‘Swaraj” in Calcutta Session of INC, 1906.
Title — “Indian Gladstone,” “Grand Old Man of India.’
First Indian to be selected to the “House of Commons” on Liberal Party ticket.
He highlighted the draining of wealth from India by the British and its effect in his book “Poverty and un-British Rule in India “(1901).

Participated in Swadeshi Movement (established Bihari Students, Conference), Champaran Satyagraha, NCM, CDM and Quit India Movement.
Founded the National College at Patna.
Minister in charge of Food and Agriculture in the Interim Government (1946).
President of the Constituent Assembly.
First President of the Indian Republic.
Honoured with ‘Bharat Ratna’ in 1962.
Newspaper — Desh (Hindi weekly).

Gandhiji regarded him as his political guru.
President of Banaras Session of INC, 1905, which supported the Swadeshi Movement.
Founded Servants of Indian Society in 1905, to train people who would work as national missionaries.

A moderate leader and lawyer by profession, he served the provincial and central legislature for many terms.
Through his efforts, a memorial was built at the Jallianwala Bagh site.
Founded the Nationalist Party in 1926.
Appointed Vice-Chancellor of Banaras Hindu University.
Editor of Hindustan, Abhyudaya & Indian Union papers

A lawyer by profession, Motilal became an active supporter of the Home Rule Movement in 1916 and started the journal ‘The Independent’.
He headed the Congress Commission looking into the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
He gave up his practice during NCM and was arrested following the visit of Prince Wales.
He founded the Swaraj Party along with CR Das.
He renamed Anand Bhawan Swaraj Bhawan and gifted it to Congress.

Inspired by the ideas of Gopal Krishna Gokhale.
In 1906, he signed a memorandum against separate electorates for Muslims.
Joined the All-India Muslim League in 1913 and played a key role in signing or Lucknow Pact.
In 1917, joined the Home Rule Movement of Annie Besant.
His differences with Congress began after the entry of Gandhiji in Congress. He opposed the NCM of Gandhiji.
In 1929, he proposed his Fourteen Point Demands.
Lahore Session of Muslim League (1940) passed Pakistan Resolution demanding a separate state for Muslims. Jinnah stuck to League’s demand in all negotiations with Britain.

He was a poet, philosopher, educationist, internationalist and patriot.
He has his elder brother, Satyendra Nath Tagore, the first Indian to become an ICS.
His first poem was published in the ‘Amrit Bazar Patrika’ and then he wrote ‘Banaphul’ (story and ‘Bhanusinher Padavali’ (series of lyrics).
Founded Shantiniketan in, 1901.
Wrote ‘Gitanjali’, for which Nobel Prize was awarded to him in 1913.
Inaugurated Raksha Bandhan festival to oppose the Partition of Bengal (1905).
Founded Vishwa Bharati University.
In 1915, British Crown granted him a ‘knighthood’ which he renounced after the Jallianwala Bagh Massacre.
His compositions were chosen as the National Anthem of two nations:
- India — Jana Gana Mana
- Bangladesh — Amar Shonar Bangla

A revolutionary from Bengal, Bose organized several clandestine activities in UP, Delhi and Punjab at an early age.
Associated with Hardinge Bomb Case & Lahore Conspiracy Case after which he escaped to Japan.
Founded the India Independence League and organized its first session in Bangkok in 1942.
Served as President of the Council of Action for the formation of INA, and later handed it over to Subash Chandra Bose.
Bose died in Tokyo on January 21, 1945.

An associate of Ras Behari Bose, Sanyal organized a revolt by soldiers of the 7th Rajput Regiment in United Provinces.
Founder member of Hindustan Republican Association. He was sentenced to life imprisonment in Kakori Conspiracy Case in 1925.